Afforestation is the effort to plant trees in barren lands so as to create a forest. Hydrological consequences of deforestation and afforestation. In response to afforestation, the local surface air temperature significantly decreases in summer and increases. Request pdf negative impacts of afforestation and economic forestry on the chinese loess plateau and proposed solutions severe loss of soil and water on the chinese loess plateau clp has. Johns river water management district, palatka, fl 32178. Harvesting consumed billon m3 in timber volume from 1949 to 2003. Afforestation is the primary factor increasing forest cover in china. Afforestation means establishing the stand of trees or a forest in a particular open area where no one had established a tree in past reforestation means reestablishment of the area under forest, it can be done by natural means like seeding, root suckers or coppice or by. However, knowledge of afforestations impacts on groundwater resource availability is currently fragmented. U encourage and maintain diversity within the stand. Hydrological impacts of afforestation in the semiarid. Impacts of afforestation, deforestation, and reforestation on forest cover in china from 1949 to 2003 yuxing zhang and conghe song chinas forest cover increased from 8. Predicting afforestation impacts on monthly streamflow. This study presents an argument that afforestation may have bigger impacts than originally thought by previous studies.
Pdf contrasting impacts of afforestation on nitrous. Climate impacts from afforestation and deforestation in europe g. Studies on the impacts of afforestation have focused primarily on the ability. Afforestation over the sahel can reduce the impacts of global warming in sahel, but afforestation over savanna can enhance the impacts.
Since independence in 1960, nigeria has had 14 presidents with 7 military coups. Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees forestation in an area where there was no previous tree cover. Afforestation is the reverse of deforestation and includes. Afforestation is highly important to maintain the biodiversity. Afforestation is a reverse process to deforestation and thus should have the opposite impact on lst. Project impacts community afforestation in peru global. The change of forest cover in china can be characterized in three stages. Simulated impacts of afforestation in east china monsoon. This can be achieved by ensuring that deforestation is kept to a minimum and afforestation only occurs on truly degraded land.
Using the national center for atmospheric research community climate system model version 3. Grace4 1usda forest service, mississippi state, ms 39762. Thus, understanding the effects of afforestation on water resources at the catchment level is fundamental for optimal water resource allocation, longterm sustainable use, development and. Contradictory hydrological impacts of afforestation in the humid. Pdf on jan 1, 2008, asrun elmarsdottir and others published effects of afforestation on biodiversity find, read and cite all the research you need on. Afforestation is usually thought as a good approach to mitigate impacts of warming over a region. The study investigates the impacts of afforestation on future climate and extreme events in nigeria, using a regional climate model regcm3, forced with global climate model. Global change will impact carbon mitigation in the forest sector but the magnitude and direction of this impact cannot be predicted with confidence as yet. While afforestation can restore previously forested areas and help to remove carbon dioxide, it can have detrimental effects on species diversity and agriculture profits. The degradation of land in one form or the other is matter of serious concern endangering sustainability of agriculture. Afforestation refers to the process of converting a nonforest land into a forest. In most cases, we do see impacts from afforestation on t max and t min trends that are opposite in sign compared to deforestation impacts, supported by both modis lc and gfc data figure 5. Effect of nationalscale afforestation on forest water supply.
Biogeophysical impacts of landcover changes are recognized to be an important driver of climate change on the global scale e. Soil biogeochemical modeling, greenhouse gas emissions, rangeland, reforestation. Net social benefits would however depend on how these revenues are shared between land owners and workers. Comparing watershed afforestation and natural revegetation impacts on soil moisture in the semiarid loess plateau of china. Impacts of afforestation on plant diversity, soil properties, and soil organic carbon storage in a semiarid grassland of northwestern china author links open overlay panel longfei chen a b zhibin he a xi zhu a b jun du a b junjun yang a b jing li a b. Daily areal rainfall was computed using data collected by manual rain gauges. Marsfm working paper 5 2007 forestry department food and agriculture organization of the united nations manual on deforestation, degradation, and fragmentation using remote sensing and gis prepared by giri tejaswi rome, march 2007 strengthening monitoring, assessment and reporting on sustainable forest management in asia gcpint988jpn. Introduction to deforestation, forestation, afforestation and reforestation. The term afforestation is most often used in conjunction with discussions of carbon sequestration, which is the process by which carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. Reforestation 7 reducing visual impacts due to species selection during reforestation in areas classified as most sensitive. Nov 21, 2012 using the national center for atmospheric research community climate system model version 3. Nigeria is the most populous in africa with 5 m people and over 250 tribes.
When we think about trees, the first thing that comes to our mind is that trees are lungs of our planet. Afforestation for restoration of land and climate change. This is an open access article under the terms of the creative. Sep 11, 2016 introduction to deforestation, forestation, afforestation and reforestation. It is important because it helps check the overuse of natural resources by providing an alternative source pool. Negative impacts of afforestation and economic forestry on. Soil salinization is a major environmental issue in arid and semiarid regions, and has been accelerated in some areas by removal of native vegetation cover. However, the generally positive effects of afforestation on regional climate and. Pdf carbon sequestration programs, including afforestation and reforestation, are gaining attention globally and will alter many ecosystem.
Our experience with plantation forestry as it has developed this century offers us an excellent platform for rising to these. Partial afforestation can be a practical mitigation strategy if efficiently integrated with farms and pastures. Potential impacts of afforestation on climate change and. This book is a printed edition of the special issue afforestation and reforestation. Advantages and disadvantages of afforestation sciencing. Longterm impacts of partial afforestation on water and salt.
Climate impacts from afforestation and deforestation in. U promote a mixture of species, both naturally occurring and planted. Sep 27, 2012 afforestation is usually thought as a good approach to mitigate impacts of warming over a region. We have used a climate model to explore the possible impact of a largescale afforestation, both in the arctic and at midlatitudes in the northern hemisphere. Field investiga tions indicate that afforestation leads to a reduction in runoff by as much as 20%, mainly due to interception of rainfall by forest canopies. Afforestation has been applied to sustain water quantity, improve water quality, and mitigate river flooding. Afforestation resulted in a significant decrease p deforestation, and reforestation on forest cover in china from 1949 to 2003 yuxing zhang and conghe song chinas forest cover increased from 8.
Afforestation and its impacts on groundwater resource availability in a mississippi watershed ying ouyang 1, wei jin2, gary feng3, and johnny m. The main impacts of existing forests and afforestation on water resources, irrespective of the type of cover i. Afforestation is the process of planting trees, or sowing seeds, in a barren land devoid of any trees to create. Introduction to deforestation, forestation, afforestation. Pdf contrasting impacts of afforestation on nitrous oxide. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the afforestation programme through climatic studies statistics and field measurements, soil and land use studies field studies and mapping and interviews with people in two small areas on santiago island, cape verde. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. The term should not be confused with reforestation, which is the process of specifically planting native trees into a forest that has decreasing numbers of trees. Many government and nongovernmental organizations directly engage in programs of afforestation to create forests, increase carbon capture and carbon sequestration, and help to anthropogenically improve biodiversity. Catchment characteristics and predicted impacts of afforestation on monthly streamflow. Reforestation 3 introduction reforestation includes the process of planting or otherwise regenerating and establishing a desired forest community on a given site.
Common reforestation techniques include both natural and. Afforestation and reforestation in the clean development. It has to be noted that both reforestation and afforestation can be advantageous when tackling global warming. Afforestation is the process of planting trees, or sowing seeds, in a barren land devoid of any trees to create a forest.
Jan 14, 2017 7 advantages and disadvantages of afforestation jan 14, 2017 jul 29, 2016 by editor in chief afforestation is the creation of forests on lands that do not have them for some amount of time, such as previous forests that were converted to ranges, though it is also the act of establishing forests on lands that are not forested at all in the past. Impacts of fertilizer application and climate change on afforestation dynamics and effects of afforestation in local hydrology are also examined. The method can be used for afforestation impact assessment on monthly streamflow. Nigeria crude oil and natural gas industry and their impacts on the forests since independence from 1960, nigeria has been rocked by political instability under the military coupes. Afforestation is the process of planting trees, or sowing seeds, in a barren land devoid. Reference to this paper should be made as follows smith, j. Using an integrated surfacesubsurface hydrological model, this study evaluates the water and salt dynamics and soil. Received 19 feb 2016 accepted 3 nov 2016 accepted article online 8 nov 2016 published online 22 dec 2016 2016. Impacts of afforestation on plant diversity, soil properties. India is an emerging or developing country whereas the controlling of carbon emission is very much challenging for the policy makers. Introduction to deforestation, forestation, afforestation and.
Climate change impacts and mitigation in the developing world. This, together with the relatively wide climate gradients across europe, makes it a. Positive effects of afforestation efforts on the health of urban soils. Impacts of afforestation on groundwater resources and quality. Check on soil erosion and denudation in catchments areas of rivers, lakes and reservoirs. Project impacts is a series of articles explaining the background and settings for some of the many projects we partner with around the world. Particularly, the hydrological impacts may become relevant in semiarid regions where water is a key element.
Afforestation has been widely encouraged with different goals, including as a strategy to tackle global warming. Afforestation and reforestation for climate change mitigation. The issue is which type of tree sequesters the most amount of carbon and does this have a positive or negative effect if any at all. In this study, we applied the usgss meras mississippi embayment regional aquifer study. However, possible negative impacts must also be taken into account in order to protect the planet as a whole. Cumulative areas of afforestation in china from 1949 to 2003 were 241 million ha, of which 90 million ha eventually established as plantation forests, i.
That is a non disputable fact, but trees are so much more. In this study, we presented the effects of afforestation on water supply and soil loss prevention. Longterm impacts of partial afforestation on water and. Impacts of afforestation, deforestation, and reforestation on. Lessons from south korea, china, and india michael wolosin funding for this report has been provided by the climate and land use alliance. Drivers, dynamics, and impacts that was published in forests download pdf add this book to my library. Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees forestation in an area where there was no previous tree cover many government and nongovernmental organizations directly engage in programs of afforestation to create forests, increase carbon capture sometimes special tools, such as a tree planting bar, are used to make planting of trees easier and faster. Box 3015, 2601 da delft, netherlands received 18 december 1994. Afforestation and reforestation for climate change. The effects of afforestation and deforestation on water. Comparing watershed afforestation and natural revegetation. Impacts of afforestation on groundwater resources and. Negative impacts of afforestation and economic forestry on the. An important part of reforestation is the selection of an appropriate tree species or forest community to manage.
Pdf effects of afforestation on biodiversity researchgate. Contrasting impacts of afforestation on nitrous oxide and methane emissions. However, afforestation has significant impacts on water use and biodiversity in a catchment. Afforestation means establishing the stand of trees or a forest in a particular open area where no one had established a tree in past reforestation means reestablishment of the area under forest, it can be done by natural means like seeding, root suckers or coppice or by artificial efforts by planting or direct seeding. In response to afforestation, the local surface air temperature significantly decreases in summer and. Afforestation in west africa could have both positive and negative impacts on the future climate in the sahel, depending on the location of the afforestation.
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